How To Install Kubernetes Dashboard with NodePort in Linux

Kubernetes dashboard is a web-user interface & It provides the information on the state of the Kubernetes cluster and the information of any errors that may occur.It can be used to deploy containerized applications to the cluster &troubleshoot the deployed applications.

Using Kubernetes command line & dashboard,we can manage deployment, StatefulSets, DaemonSets, Jobs, Services and Ingress.Scale a Deployment,initiate a rolling update,restart a pod,create a persistent volume and persistent volume claim,we can do all from the Kubernetes dashboard.

Configure kubectl

Deploy Kubernetes Dashboard

kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubernetes/dashboard/master/aio/deploy/recommended.yaml

Here is the command output.

namespace/kubernetes-dashboard created
serviceaccount/kubernetes-dashboard created
service/kubernetes-dashboard created
secret/kubernetes-dashboard-certs created
secret/kubernetes-dashboard-csrf created
secret/kubernetes-dashboard-key-holder created
configmap/kubernetes-dashboard-settings created
role.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/kubernetes-dashboard created
clusterrole.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/kubernetes-dashboard created
rolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/kubernetes-dashboard created
clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/kubernetes-dashboard created
deployment.apps/kubernetes-dashboard created
service/dashboard-metrics-scraper created
deployment.apps/dashboard-metrics-scraper created

If we want to make some modifications to the file, we needs to download it.

wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubernetes/dashboard/master/aio/deploy/recommended.yaml

Here is the command output.

Resolving raw.githubusercontent.com (raw.githubusercontent.com)... 185.199.109.133,
185.199.111.133, ...
Connecting to raw.githubusercontent.com (raw.githubusercontent.com)|185.199.109.133|
connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 7552 (7.4K) [text/plain]
Saving to: ‘recommended.yaml’

recommended.yaml                            100%[===========================
  7.38K  --.-KB/s    in 0s      
(64.4 MB/s) - ‘recommended.yaml’ saved [7552/7552]

Change the file name.

mv recommended.yaml kubernetes-dashboard-deployment.yml

Modify the Kubernetes dashboard service to be of NodePort type.

vim kubernetes-dashboard-deployment.yml

Provide the type.

kind: Service
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
spec:
  ports:
    - port: 443
      targetPort: 8443
  selector:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  type: NodePort

Apply the changes.

kubectl apply -f kubernetes-dashboard-deployment.yml

Here is the command output.

namespace/kubernetes-dashboard unchanged
serviceaccount/kubernetes-dashboard unchanged
service/kubernetes-dashboard configured
secret/kubernetes-dashboard-certs unchanged
secret/kubernetes-dashboard-csrf unchanged
secret/kubernetes-dashboard-key-holder unchanged
configmap/kubernetes-dashboard-settings unchanged
role.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/kubernetes-dashboard unchanged
clusterrole.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/kubernetes-dashboard unchanged
rolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/kubernetes-dashboard unchanged
clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/kubernetes-dashboard unchanged
deployment.apps/kubernetes-dashboard unchanged
service/dashboard-metrics-scraper unchanged
deployment.apps/dashboard-metrics-scraper unchanged

Check deployment status:

kubectl get deployments -n kubernetes-dashboard

Here is the command output.

NAME                        READY   UP-TO-DATE   AVAILABLE   AGE
dashboard-metrics-scraper   1/1     1            1           86s
kubernetes-dashboard        1/1     1            1           86s

Check dashboard and metrics status.

kubectl get pods -n kubernetes-dashboard

Here is the command output.

NAME                                         READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
dashboard-metrics-scraper-856586f554-2xdm4   1/1     Running   0          2m4s
kubernetes-dashboard-67484c44f6-n6b6k        1/1     Running   0          2m4s

Check service type status.Change to NodePort.

kubectl get service -n kubernetes-dashboard

Here is the command output.

NAME                        TYPE        CLUSTER-IP      EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)         AGE
dashboard-metrics-scraper   ClusterIP   10.97.177.80    <none>        8000/TCP        2m59s
kubernetes-dashboard        NodePort    10.106.56.191   <none>        443:30038/TCP   3m

Accessing Kubernetes Dashboard.

server-ip:30038

Select Kubeconfig or Provide the Token Otherwise Skip.

  • Click on Sign in.
  • Provide User-name & Password.

 

Fig 1

Create Admin User to Access Kubernetes Dashboard.

Create Admin service account

  • Creating a Service Account manifest file.
vim admin-sa.yml

Provide the Following lines.

---
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
  name: user-name
  namespace: kube-system
  • After creating a file apply the manifest to create objects in kubernetes cluster.
kubectl apply -f admin-sa.yml

Create a Cluster Role Binding

vim admin-rbac.yml

Provide the Following lines.

---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
metadata:
  name: user-name
roleRef:
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
  kind: ClusterRole
  name: cluster-admin
subjects:
  - kind: ServiceAccount
    name: user-name
    namespace: kube-system

Apply the file.

kubectl apply -f admin-rbac.yml

Get admin user token

  • We can get the generated token for a service account by using the kubectl command.
  • Set a variable to store the name of the service account.
SA_NAME="user-name"

Run the command.

kubectl -n kube-system describe secret $(kubectl -n kube-system get secret |
 grep ${SA_NAME} | awk '{print $1}')

Here is the command output.

Name:         user-name-token-mm9jd
Namespace:    kube-system
Labels:       <none>
Annotations:  kubernetes.io/service-account.name: user-name
              kubernetes.io/service-account.uid: 80fade4b-4270-11ea-9fe4-005056ba45bd

Type:  kubernetes.io/service-account-token

Data
====
token:      eyJhbGciOiJSUzI1NiIsImtpZCI9IiJ9.eyJpc7MiOiJrdWJlcm5ldG
VzL3NlcnZpY2VhY2NvdW50Iiwia3ViZXJuZXRlcy5pby9zZXJ2aWNlYWNjb3VudC
9uYW1lc3BhY2UiOiJrdWJlLXN5c3RlbSIsImt1YmVybmV0ZXMuaW8vc2VydmljZWFj
Y291bnQvc2VjcmV0Lm5hbWUxOiJqa211dG
FpLWFkbWluLXRva2VuLW1tOWpkIiwia3ViZXJuZXdY2dOHh1WZcKhJqfNfB73GYX2
TQlUlurV4Oy0-2CpUUpJ1HAjcSHzKGuSrMUAMAhRwhbZZXhwvbQ6Ei_9Vv2PkD8_Pw
9c-k9x-bblFSAqyFhA
ca.crt:     1025 bytes
namespace:  11 bytes
  • Copy the contents in token key.
  • Paste the Token key to access the dashboard.

 

Fig 1

 

home/welcome page of Kubernetes.

 

Fig 2

 

Admin View

 

Fig 2

 

Workloads View

 

Fig. 5

 

 

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